The IC50 of a drug can be determined by constructing a dose-response curve and examining the effect of different concentrations of the drug in inhibiting a specific biological or biochemical function.

The "median effective dose" is the dose that produces a quantal effect (all or nothing) in 50% of the population that takes it (median referring to the 50% population base). The ED50 is commonly used as a measure of the reasonable expectancy of a drug effect, but does not necessarily represent the dose that a clinician might use.

GI50 is calculated from [(Ti-Tz)/(C-Tz)] x 100 = 50, (where Tz is time zero, C is control growth, and Ti is test growth in the presence of drug at the five concentration levels) which is the drug concentration resulting in a 50% reduction in the net protein increase (as measured by SRB staining) in control cells during the drug incubation.

EC50 refers to the concentration of a drug, antibody or toxicant which induces a response halfway between the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time.

LC50 (or LD50, LCt50) of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.

OB represents the percentage of an orally administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, which reveals the convergence of the ADME process.

BBB is anatomically characterized by the presence of intercellular tight junctions between continuous non-fenestrated endothelial cells.

Caco-2 represents the ingredients' transport rates (nm/s) in Caco-2 monolayers.

MW refers to the mass of a molecule.

Caco-2 represents the ingredients' transport rates (nm/s) in Caco-2 monolayers.

The number of possible hydrogen-bond donors.

The number of possible hydrogen-bond acceptors.

RBN is the number of bonds which allow free rotation around themselves.

TPSA is a physico chemical property describing the polarity of molecules.